A Fit Stopple.

 

An Explanation of the First Plate

1. An iron hook to clear the grate with.

2. - 5. Several sorts of tongs. 

6. Iron rings to break glasses with. 

7. An iron ladle.

8. A melter's cone, or antimonial horn. 

9. An ingot mould.

10. A muffle.

11. A cupel, or coppel. 

12. An uncut body.

13. A German crucible. 

14. A black-lead crucible. 

15. A cupel, or coppel.

16. An alembic head. 

17. A body and head.

18. A blind bead. 

19. An earthen long-neck, or a vessel for distilling oil of vitriol, &c.

An Explanation of the Second Plate.

1. A retort.

2. A pelican, or circulatory vessel.

3. A crooked glass pipe, for conveying liquors into a retort.

4. A tubulated retort. 

5. A receiver.

6. A roundle, for setting glasses on. 

7. A recipient with two pipes.
a. Its stand.
b. Its small receiver.

8. An adopter.
a. A glass vent-tube fitted into its small end.

9. A receiver with a glass pipe adjusted to it, to make a vessel for digestion.

10. An adopter. 

An Explanation of the Third Plate. 

1. A reverberatory furnace for distilling with thirty-two long-necks.
a. The receivers.
b. The necks of the long-necks, the bodies being placed within the furnace.

2. A furnace for distilling hartshorn in quantity.
a. An earthen head.
b. The body of the furnace, containing an iron pot. 

3. A digesting furnace.
a. A balneum, at the end of the furnace.
b. The sand bath.

4. The balneum mariae.

5. A melting furnace.
a, b. Two small doors to the fireplace, to be opened occasionally when it is necessary to inspect the matter acted on by the fire, or to add fuel. 
c. A large door, to be opened when a crucible is to be set in or taken out of the furnace.

An Explanation of the Fourth Plate.

1. A large furnace, in which flowers of sulphur are sublimed in great quantity.
a. The fireplace.
b. The ash-hole. 
c. The door into the body of the furnace, by which the flowers are taken out.

2. A small furnace, in which flowers of sulphur are sublimed in small quantity.
a. Two receivers.
b. The head, made of earth or iron.
c. The vessel, which contains the sulphur in the furnace.

3. A plain glass bell, for making spirit of sulphur.
a. A vessel containing burning sulphur.
b. The receiver. 

4. A more commodious apparatus for making spirit of sulphur.
a. A large retort, with a hole in its bottom.
f. A tubulated receiver, with the spout upwards.
e. A glass mortar.
d. A concave glass plate, with a hole in the middle.
c. A gallipot, inverted over the perforation in d.
b. A crucible containing burning sulphur. 

An Explanation of the Fifth Plate.

1. Two stills at work with one common refrigeratory.
a. A large still, with an alembic head for distilling oils.
d. A spout-receiver, for separating the oil from the water.
b. A lesser still, with a swan-neck for distilling compound waters, &c.
c. Its recipient.

2. A pewter vessel, to be placed in the great still.

3. A breast to it.

4. Its head and refrigeratory.

5. Two copper pipes, for raising the head in distilling alcohol and highly rectified spirits. 

An Explanation of the Sixth Plate.

1. A subliming furnace.
d. The body of the furnace.
c. The body into which the matter to be sublimed is projected.
b. Three aludels.
a. The head of the aludels.

2. Another subliming furnace.
a. The body of the furnace.
b. The covers of the top of the furnace.
c. The aludels, to which more receivers may be adapted.

3. A furnace for making mercury sublimate in quantity.
a. The body of the furnace.
b. The subliming vessels set in the furnace.
c. The heads of the vessels.

4. A subliming vessel out of the furnace.

An Explanation of the Seventh Plate.

1. An athanor furnace.
a. The tower.
b. The dry bath.
c. The moist bath.

d. A little pot to place on the top of the tower. 
e. The cover of the tower when the pot is removed.

f, g. Holes by which you may cleanse the flue, when there is occasion.

h. Ovens, wherein you may bake, in which you may also hatch chickens. 

i. Handles of registers. 

The furnace called an athanor was invented to keep a constant heat, even to twelve months or longer, as some chemical operations require; which may be augmented or decreased by raising or letting down the registers as you please, and according to the magnitude of the tower. It requires no attendance above once in twenty-four or one hundred hours. 

2. A furnace, to distill any combustible composition of nitre, sulphur, antimony, &c. by projecting a little at a time into a. and presently stopping the orifice with a fit stopple. 
a. The neck of the vessel, which contains the matter you design to distill or sublime. 
b. The body of the furnace.
c. The ballons, or receivers. 

3 - 5. A portable furnace, easily removed, in which you may melt or distill in blaneo, sand or naked fire. The outside of the furnace may be made of copper or iron, and it may be lined with a lute or fire-stone.

3. The lower part of the furnace from the ash-hole to the upper part of the fire-hole. 

4. The middle part of the furnace, which contains the vessel.

5. The dome, or upper part of the furnace.